BC Gov News

In British Columbia, there is a shared commitment to ensure that the province is a place where the inherent rights of Indigenous Peoples are recognized, and First Nations, Métis and Inuit people thrive.

Reconciliation is a provincial imperative, embedded in law, and there is real progress and change. In 2019, government collaborated with Indigenous Peoples to develop and pass the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Act – the first legislation of its kind in Canada. This is the Province’s framework for implementing the United Nations Declaration of the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.

Through this work, B.C. is building a province where Indigenous excellence, leadership, governance and self-determination is recognized and respected.

Reconciliation in action:

• Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Act passed in November 2019, recognizing the human rights of Indigenous Peoples in law. B.C. became the first province in Canada to implement the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples through legislation developed in collaboration with Indigenous Peoples.
• Together with Indigenous Peoples, the Province released the historic Declaration Act Action Plan in March 2022. It was developed in consultation and co-operation with Indigenous Peoples and outlines 89 specific actions every ministry in government will take. The action plan includes a requirement that government will work with Indigenous Peoples on implementing the actions, as well as reporting on progress of implementation through an annual report.

The Province continues to make progress by:

• fundamentally shifting how B.C. develops and implements provincial laws, policies and practices in consultation and co-operation with Indigenous Peoples;
• establishing a Declaration Act Secretariat as a dedicated body to support government’s reconciliation efforts to ensure laws, policies and practices are consistent with the act;
• releasing the Interim Approach to Implement the Requirements of Section 3 of the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Act, which provides every ministry and sector of government with clear, transparent processes for how they work together with Indigenous Peoples in developing provincial laws, policies and practices, as required under the Declaration Act;
• advancing agreements under Section 7 of the Declaration Act to share statutory decision-making with First Nations, including signing the first consent-based decision-making agreement with the Talhtan Nation in May 2022; and
• releasing annual reports to highlight work and progress on implementation of the act: https://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/content/governments/indigenous-people/new-relationship/united-nations-declaration-on-the-rights-of-indigenous-peoples/annual-reporting

There are 204 distinct First Nations in British Columbia, each with its own unique traditions and history. Many are working with the Province on constructive agreements, including treaty agreements, comprehensive reconciliation agreements, foundation agreements and more.

Treaty agreements:

• K’ómoks First Nation - Stage 5 Treaty negotiations with public open houses held in September 2022
• Temexw Treaty Association (TTA) - Stage 5 Treaty negotiations with public open houses scheduled for spring 2023
• Kitselas and Kitsumkalum - Stage 5 Treaty negotiations with public open houses scheduled for spring 2023
• Pacheedaht First Nation - Stage 5 Treaty negotiations with public open Houses scheduled for 2023
• Tlowitsis Nation - Transition to Stage 5 Treaty negotiations with tripartite agreement (February 2021)
• Hul’qumi’num Treaty Group - Transition to Stage 5 and Treaty Revitalization Agreement (August 2019)
• K’ómoks First Nation - Treaty Revitalization Agreement (August 2019)
• We Wai Kai Nation - Transition to Stage 5 negotiations under the B.C. Treaty process and incremental Treaty agreement (August 2019)
• Kwiakah First Nation - Transition to Stage 5 negotiations under the B.C. Treaty process (August 2019)
• Ditidaht and Pacheedaht First Nations - Agreement-in-principle (June 2019)
• Metlakatla First Nation - Transition to Stage 5 and Treaty Revitalization Agreement (February 2019)

Reconciliation agreements:

• Tahltan Central Government - First consent-based decision-making agreement under Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Act (June 2022)
• Sts’ailes First Nation - Reconcilation Agreement (March 2022)
• Métis Nation B.C. - Letter signed to advance reconciliation (November 2021); with the letter of intent and the implementation of the Declaration Act, there is a commitment to be more inclusive of Métis peoples’ culture, language and history in the development of policies, practices, programs and legislation in B.C.
• ’Namgis First Nation - Letter of intent to negotiate forestry reconciliation (October 2021)
• Tla-o-qui-aht First Nation - Pathway Agreement (October 2021)
• Cowichan (Quw’utsun) Nation - Reconcilation Agreement (September 2021)
• Lake Babine - Foundation Agreement (September 2021)
• Haida Nation - GayGahlda “Changing Tide” Agreement (August 2021)
• Gitanyow Hereditary Chiefs (Nation/Huwilp) - Gitanyow Governance Accord (August 2021)
• Snuneymuxw First Nation - Tripartite memorandum of understanding (July 2021)
• Heiltsuk Nation - Reconcilation Agreement (June 2021)
• Wet’suwet’en Hereditary Chiefs - Memorandum of understanding B.C. and Canada to implement Wet’suwet’en rights and title (April 2021)
• Esquimalt and Songhees First Nations – Reconciliation Agreement (Thetis Cove Property) (February 2021)
• shíshálh Nation – Foundation Agreement (February 2021)
• Coastal First Nations - Memorandum of understanding for Reconciliation Protocol 2.0 (July 2020)
• Carrier Sekani First Nations - Pathways Forward 2.0 Agreement (January 2020)
• Heiltsuk Nation - Tuigila “To Make a Path Forward” Agreement for Implementation of Heiltsuk Title, Rights and Self-government (August 2019)
• Tsilhqot’in Nation – Gwets’en Nilt’I Pathway Agreement (August 2019)

New fiscal framework:

• Announced in partnership with First Nations, the co-development of a new fiscal framework. The development will take place over the next two years. Before the development of the framework was underway, there was an interim boost for the forestry revenue sharing increase of $63 million for First Nations in B.C. (April 2022)
• First Nations share in provincial gaming revenue: A long-term agreement to share 7% of the BC Lottery Corporation’s net income is providing B.C. First Nations with close to $100 million a year. By committing to share approximately $3 billion over the next 25 years, First Nations can plan for the long term and invest in the services and priorities chosen by their own communities. (September 2020)
• First Nations get support for pandemic recovery with one time $74-million grant to make up for loss of shared gaming revenues because of the COVID-19 economic downturn. First Nations had to put on hold significant projects and initiatives during the pandemic and the funding will help to get projects back on track. (April 2022)

Supporting residential school survivors:

• The Province has set aside $12 million to support First-Nations-led investigations at the sites of former Indian Residential Schools and Indian Hospitals throughout B.C. The funding enhances existing services provided by the Indian Residential School Survivors Society, Tsow-Tun-Le-Lum Society and Métis Nation BC. This will ensure survivors can access culturally safe and trauma-informed supports when and where they need them. (June 2021).
  • $475,000 has been allocated for each of the 18 Indian Residential School sites and three Indian Hospital sites in B.C.
  • $9.1 million is supporting 18 First Nations and Tribal Councils at 18 of the 21 sites in B.C.
  • The funding complements funding provided by Canada. It is multi-year and flexible to meet the diverse needs of communities.
  • Of the $12 million, $1.5 million is assisting Indigenous service providers to respond to the immediate wellness, cultural and mental-health needs of Indigenous Peoples throughout British Columbia.
• A First Nations liaison position has also been created to assist First Nations access the B.C. residential school response fund. First Nations with former Indian Residential School and Indian Hospital sites in or near their communities can access the fund. B.C. appointed Charlene Belleau as First Nations liaison, who is a respected leader who brings the experience, relationships and expertise needed to advance the work. (July 2021)

Sustainable communities:

• 3Nations B.C. partnership: The Province has renewed and strengthened the historic partnership with the 3Nations Society, consisting of the Tahltan, Kaska and Taku River Tlingit. The new agreement, signed on National Truth and Reconciliation Day (Sept. 30, 2022), provides stable funding for ongoing, community-driven initiatives and builds on previous successes. The innovative partnership supports the Nations to plan, design and deliver the services and supports to improve the well-being of their citizens, families and communities in an area of B.C. that is remote and hard to service. (October, 2022)
• Emergency preparedness funding: The Province has provided funding to First Nations throughout B.C. through the Community Emergency Preparedness Fund (CEPF), which supports programs that strengthen the resilience of communities to prepare for and respond to natural disasters and climate change. Since 2017, First Nations and local governments have received more than $50.8 million through CEPF for more than 1,000 projects that help communities mitigate and prepare for disasters and climate-related emergencies. (Latest announcement in September 2022)
• Indigenous Food Systems and Agriculture Partnership Program: The program supports Indigenous-led projects that create benefits to the community, environment or toward increasing food security within local food systems. The funding can be used for activities involved in agriculture, food processing and food-systems planning, training and skills development, technological adoption, scaling up productivity and profitability, and climate-change adaptations. First Nations and Indigenous communities, businesses and organizations are eligible to apply. (September 2022)
• High-speed connectivity infrastructure for Haida Gwaii: The Connected Coast project is laying 87 kilometres of fibre-optic cable across the seabed of Hecate Strait, which will bring high-speed connectivity to Haida Gwaii. (July 2022)
• Supporting greener Indigenous communities: Approximately $19 million in capacity and equity funding has been delivered to 136 Indigenous communities through First Nations Clean Energy Business Fund. The Province also supports local governments, First Nations, Indigenous organizations, not-for-profit and for-profit organizations throughout British Columbia for investments in clean-energy projects. Funding is from the Province and the Government of Canada through the CleanBC Communities Fund. (July 2022)
• Moving forward with new Indigenous centre in Vancouver: A concept plan for a new Indigenous centre is moving forward. The new centre will be a permanent purpose-built home for Urban Native Youth Association and the Nicola Valley Institute of Technology Vancouver campus. The new centre will include a youth centre, a post-secondary education and skills training campus, affordable homes, a child care centre and cultural and support services. (May 2022)
• Expanding community shuttle bus service for remote and Indigenous communities. Community shuttle grants support access to affordable public transportation in northern B.C. (March 2022) 
• Partnering to make vital safety improvements to Bamfield Road: The Province has contributed $25.7 million to the $30.7-million Huu-ay-aht First Nation run project that will pave 76 kilometres of unpaved industrial road – Bamfield Main – on the west coast of Vancouver Island. (October 2021)
• Contributed $9 million for shíshálh Nation affordable housing: A three-year investment supports the shíshálh Nation’s plans to build and operate new culturally appropriate housing for their members, with a particular focus on Elders, women and children, and others in need of affordable housing in the community. (July 2021)
• Cellular service expansion on Highway 16: As much as $4.5 million in funding from the Connecting British Columbia program and the Government of Canada’s Universal Broadband Fund was allocated toward installing cellular infrastructure on the remaining 252 kilometres of weak signal strength between Prince Rupert and Smithers on Highway 16, also known as the Highway of Tears. (May 2021)
• Helping remote and rural communities build vital infrastructure: Approximately $20 million supports more than 80 transportation and infrastructure projects to make getting around rural Indigenous and non-Indigenous communities safer and easier. (December 2020)
• Expansion of B.C. Indigenous Agriculture Development Program: Additional funding provides $145,000 to support Indigenous entrepreneurs to strengthen and grow food and agriculture business. The program contributes to local jobs and increased food security in remote and rural communities. (June 2020)
• TogetherBC, the Province’s first poverty-reduction strategy: The strategy includes cross-government initiatives to address disproportionate rates of poverty among Indigenous Peoples, both on and off reserve. (March 2019)
• Better drinking water and wastewater systems: Joint provincial and federal government funding creates projects to provide safe, reliable drinking water in small communities, including First Nations communities, and provides new and upgraded wastewater systems in growing communities. (August 2019)

Education, jobs and opportunities:

• Four First Nations in B.C. conclude self-government agreements regarding education: Four First Nations – Cowichan Tribes, Lil'wat Nation, ʔaq'am and Seabird Island – were recognized and celebrated for concluding self-government agreements regarding education on their lands. The completed education jurisdiction agreements are landmark agreements that set the foundation for the four participating First Nations to make decisions and pass laws in the best interests of their learners and exercise control over their education on their lands. (July 2022)
• Cultural learning can give students grad credit: First Nations can create and approve their language and cultural learning programs for recognition by the Ministry of Education and Child Care as external credentials that students can use toward graduating. (July 2022)
• Indigenous-focused graduation requirement: A new graduation requirement ensures students expand their knowledge about Indigenous perspectives, histories and cultures. Effective the 2023-24 school year, all students working toward a B.C. Certificate of Graduation (“Dogwood Diploma”), in English or French, must successfully complete at least four credits in Indigenous-focused coursework. Learning about the experiences, cultures and world views of Indigenous Peoples is an important part of reconciliation and will help prepare students for the rest of their lives. (March 2022)
• More post-secondary supports for First Nations learners: First Nations students have increased access to post-secondary education in their own communities because of new government funding provided to First-Nations-led institutes throughout B.C. The Ministry of Advanced Education and Skills Training, in partnership with the Indigenous Adult and Higher Learning Association and First Nations Education Steering Committee, provided $4 million to support the operating costs of 10 First-Nations-led institutes to help deliver post-secondary education and training programs through the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. (November 2021)
• Shared Prosperity Agreement (SPA) with Tahltan Central Government, Iskut Band Council, Tahltan Council: The agreement sets the foundation to collaboratively achieve long-term comprehensive reconciliation and land-use predictability. The Province provided $20 million to the Tahltan Central Government to support economic growth to implement the agreement. The SPA commits both governments to accelerate negotiation of an economic-oriented comprehensive agreement and to seek federal participation. (May 2021)
• New Indigenous language fluency degree first of its kind: The Ministry of Advanced Education and Skills Training invested $2 million toward the Indigenous language proficiency/fluency degree framework, providing a pathway for communities, Indigenous institutes and post-secondary institutions to collaboratively establish degree programs in Indigenous languages. (March 2021)
• $13 million for University of Victoria’s National Centre for Indigenous Laws: The new addition will be home to the world’s first joint degree in Indigenous legal orders and Canadian common law (JD/JID), which launched at the University of Victoria in 2018, and to the Indigenous Law Research Unit. (September 2020)
• Economic Community Development Agreement reached with Lhoosk’uz Dené Nation and Ulkatcho First Nation: The agreement supports the development of the proposed gold mine, located in the heart of the Cariboo, and commits to sharing the future mineral revenue generated by the mine. (January 2020)
• First Nations students benefit from BC Tripartite Education Agreement: The only agreement of its kind in Canada brings $100 million in federal funding over five years to ensure an equitable education for all First Nations students in B.C., no matter where they live or go to school. (January 2019)
• Curriculum transformation: All subjects and grades in the B.C. school curriculum include Indigenous perspectives, and several Indigenous-focused courses were introduced as a part of the new graduation program (2017-19).
• Indigenous Emergency Assistance Fund: The fund provided $1.5 million in 2020 to public post-secondary institutions for emergency funding for Indigenous learners. (April 2020)
• Indigenous language fluency: The Province provided $2 million to the First Nations Education Steering Committee to pilot the Indigenous language fluency degree in communities. (March 2019)
• The First Nations Children and Youth in Care Protocol: A commitment from the Province and First Nations to work together to engage in dialogue and joint action about specific issues and initiatives, seeking to improve the educational outcomes and well-being of Indigenous children and youth in care, and former youth in care through legislative, policy and practice reform. (May 2020)

People and culture:

• Ancestral Haida name restored to Haida Gwaii village: The name of the former Village of Queen Charlotte on Haida Gwaii was officially changed to the Village of Daajing Giids (daw-jean geeds), restoring its ancestral Haida name. (July 2022)
• First Nations language, arts, culture and heritage revitalization: The Province is providing nearly $35 million in new funding to the First Peoples’ Cultural Council (FPCC) and the First Peoples’ Cultural Foundation (FPCF) to support First Nations languages, arts and cultural heritage revitalization programming and operations. Th investment builds on a landmark $50-million grant provided to FPCC in 2018 to address the language crisis and help revitalize Indigenous languages in B.C. (June 2022)
• Anti-racism data legislation enacted: The Anti-Racism Data Act – the first of its kind in Canada to be co-developed with Indigenous partners – charts a new path forward in partnership with Indigenous Peoples and racialized communities to use and share data safely to help address systemic racism and make government programs and services work better for more people. (June 2022)
• Litigation directives uphold Indigenous rights: To better protect the rights of Indigenous Peoples and as a step toward implementating the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Act, the Province, in collaboration with Indigenous Peoples, has developed a new approach to litigation. (April 2022)
• StrongerBC supports Indigenous tourism businesses through pandemic recovery: Indigenous tourism businesses in B.C. have received more than $28 million for 60 projects to support recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic. (June 2021)
• More funding to support sexual assault survivors. The Ending Violence Association of BC (EVA BC) received an additional $10 million to assist more community-based sexual assault response service programs throughout the Province. In recognition of the substantial need for locally relevant and culturally safe supports for survivors in Indigenous communities, approximately half of the grant funding was allocated to an Indigenous services stream led by Indigenous leaders. In March 2020, government provided EVA BC with $10 million to establish and administer a multi-year emergency sexual assault services grant program to support the delivery of co-ordinated, community-based emergency sexual assault response services in regions throughout B.C. (May 2021)
• Provided funding for Minister’s Advisory Council on Indigenous Women (MACIW): Approximately $200,000 goes to Indigenous communities and organizations working to end gender-based violence. The grants support community-led initiatives that encourage dialogue about gender-based violence and opportunities for healing, such as land-based cultural practices and retreats, healing circles, knowledge sharing, monthly gatherings, ceremonies and writing workshops. (December 2020)
• Partnership between the B.C. government and Indigenous Tourism BC: Through Destination BC, the Province provided Indigenous Tourism BC with $4 million over three years and an increase of $1 million over the previous three years. It will go toward funding Indigenous tourism specialists throughout the province and enhancing Indigenous Tourism BC’s digital resources. (April 2020)

Health and wellness:

• Partnered with Huu-ay-aht First Nations to create Oomiiqsu (Aboriginal Mother Centre): The Province is providing as much as $5 million to support the creation of a centre to provide a safe and culturally appropriate home for as many as 48 mothers and children leaving violence or abuse, facing mental-health and addictions challenges, poverty or other trauma. (November 2022)
• New culturally informed mental-wellness supports will help Indigenous families: Indigenous families with children three to 12 who are experiencing big worries and fears will have access to free, culturally grounded wellness practices through a virtual parent and caregiver coaching program. (July 2022)
• Grants help youth in and from government care get in the game: Young people in and from care face barriers that limit their participation in sport and other activities. Financial barriers, such as sport registration fees, or practical challenges, such as getting to and from practices, can become obstacles. The Province is investing $3.6 million to give equal opportunities with the new RISE Grant Program. (May 2022)
• Partnerned with the federal government to pledge $31 million to support the 2025 games: In the spirit of truth and reconciliation, the Invictus Games Vancouver-Whistler 2025 is dedicated to respecting territorial protocols and co-operating with local Indigenous communities in the planning, execution and participation of the games. As such, the games are a demonstration of reconciliation in action, with meaningful participation from the Musqueam, Squamish, Tsleil-Waututh and Lil’Wat First Nations. (May 2022)
• Award-winning Indigenous Sport Gallery bridges into virtual world: The Province is investing $198,000 to help expand the Indigenous Sport Gallery into an interactive online experience and for translation of the gallery’s content into Indigenous languages. The investment is in addition to a provincial grant of $50,000 in May 2021 through the BC Arts Council. (November, 2021)
• Contributed to new multi-purpose community building in Kaska Dena Community of Lower Post: The Province joined the federal government and Daylu Dena Council in helping to demolish a former residential school school building and create a new building. Of the $11.5 million provided for the project, B.C. invested $1.5 million. (April 2021)
• More options for substance-use treatment and recovery for all people in British Columbia and to address long-standing service gaps for Indigenous Peoples: There are 105 newly added substance-use beds, including priority beds for Indigenous people. (December 2021)
• Review recommends steps to solve widespread racism in B.C. health care: The In Plain Sight: Addressing Indigenous-specific Racism and Discrimination in B.C. Health Care review was launched in June 2020 by the minister of health. Since then, government has taken several steps to implement the recommendations made in the report. (November 2020)

Land, wildlife and natural resources:

• Marine protected areas network: The Province partnered with coastal First Nations to launch a public engagement process for a plan to guide the implementation of a network of marine protected areas from northern Vancouver Island to the Alaska border. (September 2022)
• New grants increase opportunities for Indigenous people in forest sector: Provincial funding of $437,000 will support the First Nations Forestry Council in developing new online forestry career matching to help increase the number of Indigenous students and community members studying and working in the forest sector. (June 2022)
• Indigenous guardians pilot program: A new memorandum of understanding with Nuxalk and Kitasoo Xai’xais Nations establishes a pilot project that designates Indigenous guardians with the same legal authorities as BC Parks rangers, and is the first project of its kind in B.C. (June 2022)
• Funding for Coastal First Nations-Great Bear Initiative: Additional funding amounts to nearly $3.5 million to help First Nations clean up marine debris along the coast of the Great Bear Rainforest and create opportunities for lasting change through community awareness and education. (August 2022)
• Improving the health of B.C.’s watersheds: The Province invested $30 million to support ongoing efforts to restore watersheds and wetlands in B.C., with $15 million going to projects that are led or co-led by First Nations to strengthen local ecosystems. (April 2022)
• Establishment of new Ministry of Land, Water and Resource Stewardship: The ministry was established on April 1, 2022, signalling a new approach to land and resource stewardship in B.C. that brings Indigenous Peoples in as partners from the start. The ministry’s work aligns with three goals: reconciliation with Indigenous Peoples, environmental sustainability and economic opportunities. (February 2022)
• StrongerBC Economic Plan: The Economic Plan focuses on advancing true, lasting and meaningful reconciliation with Indigenous Peoples, including supporting the co-development of an Indigenous-led agency focusing on Indigenous economic development. (February 2022)
• Funding for clean up of B.C.’s coastlines and more than 100 derelict vessels in partnership with coastal First Nations: More than $9.5 million from the Clean Coast, Clean Waters Initiative Fund will be used to tackle shoreline cleanups and derelict vessel removal in partnership with Indigenous communities on as many as 1,200 kilometres of coastline from the north coast of the province to southern Vancouver Island. (April 2021)
• Historic agreement signed with Leq’á:mel, Matsqui and Sumas First Nations and the City of Mission: Under the agreement, the Province transferred approximately 60 hectares of Crown land to the Leq’á:mel Mathexwi Semá:th Society (LMS Society), which represents the three First Nations. The transferred lands will be used to create new public parklands and recreational areas. (July 2021)
• New roles for First Nations and communities in the energy sector: The Phase 2 interim report of the BC Hydro Review addressed future opportunities for First Nations in the development, ownership or operation of electrical infrastructure or services, and recommendations of ways to enhance First Nations’ participation in the energy sector. (March 2020)
• Tsartlip First Nation take control of Woodwyn Farm Propety: B.C. and Tsartlip signed a historic agreement to transfer the 78 hectare property from B.C. Housing to the Nation. The property was purchased through B.C. Housing and made possible by a $7.77-million provincial grant. (December 2020)
• Caribou protection in northeastern B.C.: The B.C government partnered with the Saulteau and West Moberly First Nations and the federal government to achieve a historic agreement that strives to protect southern mountain caribou in northeastern B.C., while considering the social and economic well-being of communities and stakeholders in the region. (February 2020)

Children and families:

• Entered into first community agreement under the Child, Family and Community Service Act with Simpcw First Nation: Tcwesétmentem: Walking Together Agreement, is the first of its kind in B.C. The agreement recognizes elements of the federal Act respecting First Nations, Inuit and Métis children, youth and families, and outlines how the Simpcw and government will work together to support the well-being of Simpcw families. (April 2022)
• An act respresenting First Nations, Inuit and Métis children, youth and families: Three main areas of focus are the establishment of new national principles, setting minimum national standards for provision of all child and family services to Indigenous children, taking into account their safety, security, well-being, culture and family origins, and affirms Indigenous Peoples’ inherent rights to jurisdiction over child and family services for all their citizens. To date, the Ministry of Children and Family Development is engaged with four First Nations in tripartite co-ordination agreement discussions under the federal act.  (January 2020)
• An end to birth alerts: B.C. ends the practice of issuing birth alerts for what are deemed high-risk parents. The alerts have been primarily issued for marginalized and Indigenous women. Through a collaborative model, health-care providers and social service workers will no longer share information about expectant parents without consent from those parents. (September 2019)
• Tripartite memorandum of understanding on Secwépemc jurisdiction for child and family services: The memorandum of understanding provides a framework that charts the path forward in recognizing and implementing Secwépemc jurisdiction for child and family services. (July 2019)
• Caregivers for B.C.’s most vulnerable get first pay increase in a decade: Indigenous children in care benefit from a boost of $109 million over three years to foster parents, adoptive caregivers, family members caring for children and Community Living BC home-share providers. (February 2019)